Cognitive theory is mental ability of connecting new
knowledge, concept and understanding, with prior knowledge of psychology that
attempts to explain human behavior by understanding the thought processes also
known as “Assimilation” is when the child has seen something before and applies
to the current situation the cognition will be increase accordance with the growth
of the human.
The theorist is Jean Piaget (1896 - 1980). Woolfolk
(1998) explained that the cognitive view of learning can be best described as a
generally agreed upon philosophical orientation. This means that cognitive
theories share basic notions about learning and memory. John and David (1993)
said that there are three stages in learning and each located in a separate
memory system. They are the sensory register (selective attention), working
memory (thinking) and long term memory (storage and recall). They explained that
in sensory register, such as the first stage in learning, all sensory
impressions are retained for a period lasting up to one second, depending on
several factors such as the strength of stimulus. Information that a person
perceives and pays attention to its transferred to the second component of the
memory system is the short term memory. Slavin (2003 ) It is a memory that hold
a limited amount of information for a few seconds. In other words it is the
part of memory in which information that is currently being thought about is
stored. Long term memory is that part of our memory system where we keep
information for long period of time.
Salvin (2003) said in his book that it is
thought to be a very large capacity, very long term memory store. Human memory
has two channels for processing information: visual and auditory but human memory
has very limited capacity for processing information, learning occurs by active
processing in the memory system and new knowledge and skills must be retrieved
from long-term memory for transfer to the task.
Referencing:
Anita E.Woolfolk (1998)., Educational Psychology (7th edition), Library of Congress Catalogue in Publication Data; United Sates of America.
No comments:
Post a Comment